Sol Gofere

Working Papers

College Admission Concerns and Field Choice

Abstract: This paper studies how college admission selectivity affects the college field choice of students in a centralized, field-specific admission system. I leverage a college admission policy reform in Ethiopia that sharply increased the share of college seats in public universities allocated to STEM fields. The reform substantially decreased the admission selectivity of STEM fields. Using cohort analysis and a regression discontinuity design, I show that students are significantly more likely to choose STEM fields after the reform. I find large heterogeneity in the choice response. The academically marginal students are substantially more likely to switch to STEM than infra-marginal students. The reform also induced positive selection on field-specific skills, where those who switch to STEM fields are relatively better in skills valued more in STEM fields than those who stay in the non-STEM fields. This sorting on field-specific skills resulted in a significant change in peer quality, consistent with the predictions of a Roy model in which STEM fields are valued more and the field-specific skills are positively correlated. Overall, while admission concerns drive field choices, students do not naively sort into less selective college fields. Instead, the choices are consistent with their relative position in the distribution of multi-dimensional skills. This suggests that students make more informed and rational choices than the existing literature suggests.

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Mobile Technologies and Health Literacy

Abstract: Mobile technologies have considerable potential to improve access to health information. This study investigates the effect of the fast expansion of 2G and 3G mobile technologies in sub-Saharan Africa on health literacy in the region. Using DHS data from 25 countries in SSA and a historical mobile network coverage map, I estimate an IV specification, instrumenting mobile technology diffusion by variation in lightning strike intensity across space. I show that the widespread use of the technologies has significantly improved health literacy in the region. In particular, access to either technology significantly decreases misconceptions and wrong beliefs about diseases and health. The benefits are substantial in regions where the technologies have been in use longer. Consistent with the range of services it provides, 3G technology resulted in a larger gain in health literacy. I show that these results are robust.

Work In Progress

Cheating in College Admission Exams and College Outcomes

Labor Supply and Firm Performance: Evidence from College Admission Policy Reform in Ethiopia

Temperature Stress and Cognitive Performance